The Natural Refrigeration Review is a quarterly publication that contains technical articles, regulatory and code updates, industry news and information about IIAR activities and publications. It is distributed by email to all IIAR Members and IIAR Contact lists.
SPRING 2026 NATURAL REFRIGERATION REVIEW
The Natural Refrigeration Review issues are available as a PDF downloads for both lIAR Members and Non-members, or as individual article posts below. Click the button below to view the full issue, or scroll through all the individual issue articles below.
2021 Tech Paper: Identifying and Quantifying Fugitive Emissions from Industrial Refrigeration Systems
Industrial ammonia refrigeration systems vary widely in their engineering design, size, scope, and technology features. However, they universally experience some level of refrigerant loss throughout their operational life. Refrigerant losses from industrial ammonia refrigeration systems originate...
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2021 Tech Paper: Risk-Based Inspection for the Ammonia Refrigeration Industry
The OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) program and the EPA Risk Management Plan (RMP) rule rely on mechanical integrity to achieve the desired results. In the case of piping and equipment exposed to anhydrous ammonia, the predominate damage mechanism is external corrosion or corrosion under ins...
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2021 Tech Paper: The Case for HAZOP – Minimizing Effort and Increasing Longevity
Should the hazard and operability (HAZOP) methodology be considered the industry standard for hazard reviews (HRs) and process hazard analyses (PHAs)? The topic is currently the focus of a vigorous debate in the industrial refrigeration industry. While there are advocates for and against employin...
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2021 Tech Paper: Designing Industrial Refrigeration Systems for Full Vacuum – Considerations
Considerations around modes of test and operation that place ammonia refrigeration systems in a vacuum are discussed. A literature review of IIAR publications and general industry recommendations regarding design of pressure vessels and systems for evacuation and operation is presented. Results a...
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2021 Tech Paper: Sustainable Use Cases for Ammonia as a Refrigerant in Residential/Light-Commercial HVAC
A significant amount of research and development has gone into the deployment of ammonia as a refrigerant in air conditioning and heat pump systems, going back to the first half of the twentieth century. This presentation provides an overview of the basic thermodynamic cycles currently in applica...
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2022 Tech Paper: Oil Management Design Considerations for Industrial Transcritical CO2 Systems
Carbon dioxide as a refrigerant is becoming increasingly more popular on a global scale. The industrial refrigeration market is also finding applications for transcritical CO2 systems. Unlike ammonia systems, oil in CO2 systems is typically miscible and can create unique challenges in its managem...
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